The United Nations (UN) annually observes the International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict on June 19th. This day is dedicated to raising awareness about the necessity to eradicate Conflict-related Sexual Violence (CRSV).
As we approach June 19, 2024, marking the tenth official observance of this day, it is crucial to reflect on its significance, history, and ongoing efforts to combat CRSV.
Background
- The International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict was established on June 19, 2015, when the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted resolution A/RES/69/293.
- This resolution proclaimed June 19th as the annual day to draw global attention to the issue of sexual violence in conflict zones.
- The inaugural observance took place in 2015, highlighting the urgent need to address and combat CRSV.
Why June 19?
- June 19th was chosen to commemorate the unanimous adoption of Security Council Resolution 1820 on June 19, 2008. This landmark resolution condemned sexual violence as a tactic of war and a significant barrier to peacebuilding efforts.
- By recognizing this date, the UN underscores the international community’s commitment to tackling CRSV and supporting survivors.
The 2024 Event
- The theme for the 2024 International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict continues to emphasize bridging gaps and fostering solidarity.
- The event, co-hosted by the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG) on Sexual Violence in Conflict, the Office of the SRSG on Children and Armed Conflict, and the Permanent Mission of Argentina to the United Nations, focuses on the gender digital divide in preventing and addressing CRSV.
- The event aims to stand in solidarity with survivors and those supporting them, offering hope, knowledge, and inspiration. The rallying cry for this year’s observance is “#EndRapeInWar,” emphasizing the global community’s resolve to eradicate CRSV.
Understanding Conflict-Related Sexual Violence (CRSV)
- Conflict-related sexual violence encompasses various heinous acts, including rape, sexual slavery, forced prostitution, forced pregnancy, forced abortion, enforced sterilization, and forced marriage.
- These acts, perpetrated against women, men, girls, and boys, are directly or indirectly linked to conflict. CRSV also includes trafficking in persons for sexual violence or exploitation in conflict situations.
- The impact of CRSV is devastating, not only for the immediate victims but also for their families and communities. It undermines social cohesion, fuels cycles of violence, and hinders peace and reconciliation efforts.
UN Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict
The UN Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict (UN Action) is a network of 24 UN entities united to end sexual violence during and after armed conflict. This coordinated effort focuses on three main goals:
Preventing conflict-related sexual violence: By addressing the root causes and contributing factors of CRSV, the UN Action works to prevent such violence from occurring.
Enhancing accountability: Ensuring that perpetrators of CRSV are held accountable through legal and judicial mechanisms is crucial for justice and deterrence.
Meeting the needs of survivors: Providing comprehensive support services, including medical care, psychological support, and legal assistance, is essential for the recovery and reintegration of CRSV survivors.
The Role of the Special Representative
- The Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict (OSRSG-SVC) was established in 2009 to support the SRSG-SVC.
- This office plays a critical role in advocating for CRSV issues within the UN and beyond. The Special Representative serves as the UN’s spokesperson and political advocate on CRSV, working to raise awareness, mobilize resources, and coordinate international efforts.
- In April 2017, Pramila Patten of Mauritius was appointed as the SRSG-SVC. Her leadership has been instrumental in advancing the global agenda on CRSV, highlighting the importance of survivor-centered approaches and the need for stronger accountability mechanisms.
The Importance of Awareness and Education
Raising awareness about the International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict is vital for several reasons:
Education: Educating the public about the prevalence and impact of CRSV is essential for fostering a deeper understanding of the issue. Knowledge empowers individuals to advocate for change and support survivors.
Advocacy: Awareness campaigns and events provide a platform for advocates to call for stronger policies, increased funding, and greater international cooperation to combat CRSV.
Support for Survivors: Public awareness can lead to increased support for survivors, both in terms of direct services and societal attitudes. Reducing stigma and promoting empathy are crucial for the healing process.
The Global Impact of CRSV
- Conflict-related sexual violence has far-reaching consequences that extend beyond the immediate physical and psychological harm to survivors.
- It disrupts communities, perpetuates cycles of violence, and poses significant challenges to peacebuilding and development efforts.
1. Physical and Psychological Impact
- Survivors of CRSV often suffer from severe physical injuries, including sexual and reproductive health issues.
- The psychological impact can be equally devastating, with many survivors experiencing trauma, depression, and anxiety. These effects can last a lifetime, hindering survivors’ ability to rebuild their lives.
2. Social and Economic Impact
- CRSV can tear apart the social fabric of communities. It undermines trust and social cohesion, leading to long-term social fragmentation.
- Economically, the consequences are profound, as survivors may be unable to work or access education, perpetuating cycles of poverty and dependency.
The Role of International Organizations and Governments
International organizations, including the UN, play a crucial role in addressing CRSV. Their efforts are complemented by national governments, which must prioritize the issue within their borders.
International Efforts
The UN has implemented various initiatives to combat CRSV, including:
Security Council Resolutions: Resolutions like 1820 and subsequent ones provide a framework for international action against CRSV.
UN Action: The coordinated efforts of 24 UN entities under UN Action enhance the global response to CRSV.
Advocacy and Awareness: The UN’s advocacy campaigns raise global awareness and mobilize resources to address CRSV.
The Role of Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Civil society organizations and NGOs are often on the front lines of the fight against CRSV. Their work is critical in providing direct services to survivors, advocating for policy changes, and raising awareness.
Direct Services
NGOs provide essential services, including emergency medical care, psychological support, legal aid, and shelter. These services are crucial for the immediate and long-term recovery of CRSV survivors.
Advocacy and Awareness
NGOs play a vital role in advocating for policy changes at local, national, and international levels. They also raise awareness about CRSV through campaigns, events, and educational programs.
Survivor Stories: Voices of Resilience and Strength
Survivors of CRSV often demonstrate remarkable resilience and strength. Sharing their stories is a powerful way to humanize the issue and inspire action. These narratives highlight the importance of support services and the need for societal change.
The Power of Testimony
Survivor testimonies can be transformative. They provide a firsthand account of the impact of CRSV and the challenges survivors face. These stories can inspire empathy and mobilize action.
Supporting Survivors
Listening to and amplifying survivor voices is crucial for effective advocacy. Providing platforms for survivors to share their stories and ensuring their voices are heard in policy discussions are essential steps in addressing CRSV.
Future Directions: Building a World Free from CRSV
While significant progress has been made in addressing CRSV, much work remains. The international community must continue to prioritize this issue and work towards a world free from sexual violence in conflict.
Strengthening Legal Frameworks
Strengthening international and national legal frameworks is essential for holding perpetrators accountable and protecting survivors. This includes closing legal loopholes and ensuring that justice is accessible to all survivors.
Enhancing Support Services
Comprehensive support services are crucial for the recovery and reintegration of CRSV survivors. Efforts must be made to ensure that these services are accessible, culturally appropriate, and survivor-centered.
Promoting Gender Equality
Addressing CRSV requires a broader commitment to promoting gender equality. This includes challenging harmful gender norms, empowering women and girls, and ensuring that their rights are protected.
Engaging Men and Boys
Engaging men and boys in efforts to combat CRSV is crucial. This includes promoting positive masculinity, challenging harmful behaviors, and involving men and boys in prevention efforts.
The International Day for the Elimination of Sexual Violence in Conflict on June 19th serves as a powerful reminder of the ongoing fight against CRSV.
As we observe this day in 2024, it is crucial to reflect on the progress made and the work that still needs to be done. By raising awareness, advocating for policy changes, and supporting survivors, we can work towards a world free from conflict-related sexual violence.
Together, we can #EndRapeInWar and build a more just and peaceful future for all.